Krulak, Victor H.: The Development of the U.S. Counterinsurgency Policy and Doctrine, 1963 Apr 22

This address by Major General Victor H. Krulak, USMC, Special Assistant to the Director Joint Staff, Joint Chiefs of Staff for Counterinsurgency and Special Activities details the development of United States counterinsurgency policy and doctrine, emphasizing the complexities of global insurgency challenges and the U.S. military's strategic response.

Krulak begins by defining insurgency as a condition resulting from revolt or insurrection against a constituted government, primarily inspired, supported, or exploited by communists. He highlights the multifaceted nature of insurgency, which can manifest in various forms, including economic imbalance, ignorance, political instability, and military vulnerabilities.

His speech outlines the dual problem faced by the United States and its allies: a failure to fully grasp the nature of the insurgency threat and a lack of adequate organization to address it. Krulak stresses that insurgency requires a comprehensive approach involving all elements of national strength—diplomatic, economic, educational, military, and propaganda efforts—to effectively counter the threat.

Krulak provides examples from countries like Ecuador, Bolivia, Guatemala, and Haiti to illustrate the diverse factors contributing to insurgencies. He argues that these countries need assistance to overcome their challenges, emphasizing the importance of international support and the concept of the "Country Team" in coordinating efforts to combat insurgency.

The address also discusses the organizational efforts at the national level, including the creation of the Special Group (Counterinsurgency) by the President to facilitate counterinsurgency planning and actions across various departments and agencies. This group aims to break down institutional barriers and promote a unified approach to counterinsurgency.

Krulak describes specific counterinsurgency efforts in Thailand and South Vietnam, highlighting initiatives such as infrastructure development, education, medical assistance, and military support aimed at winning the hearts and minds of the local population. He underscores the importance of engaging the local communities and improving their living conditions as key to undermining insurgent influence.

In summary, Krulak emphasizes that the battle against insurgency is a battle of ideas, requiring a synthesis of all elements of national power organized on a team basis. He concludes that the ultimate objective is to win the support of the local population, as their backing is essential for achieving victory in the fight against insurgency.

[This summary was generated using AI. It is recommended to consult the original document for complete information and context.]